Early prostate cancer symptoms can be similar to those caused by prostatitis or urinary tract infections. Advanced prostate cancer often causes problems with your bones, internal organs, or other tissues.
Prostate cancer develops in the walnut-sized gland below your bladder that produces fluid to help transport and nourish sperm. This type of cancer is estimated to affect about
Common symptoms of prostate cancer include:
- difficulty urinating
- frequent urination, especially at night
- weak urination stream
- painful urination
- blood in your urine or semen
When prostate cancer spreads to distant tissues, it often spreads to the lungs, bone, or adrenal glands. It can cause many problems with these tissues that mimic many other health conditions.
Read on to learn more about which conditions can appear like prostate cancer.
Here are some of the conditions that can mimic prostate cancer.
Prostatitis
Prostatitis is inflammation of your prostate. It can be acute if symptoms develop quickly or chronic if it’s long-lasting. It’s sometimes but not always caused by a bacterial infection.
Prostatitis symptoms can include:
- blood in urine or semen
- burning or pain during urination
- pain or pressure near your rectum
- urinary problems
- fever
- sexual problems
Other urinary tract conditions
Prostate cancer commonly causes urinary problems. Many other conditions can also cause similar urinary symptoms. These conditions include:
Other cancers
Some other cancers that affect the tissues in your pelvis may also cause similar symptoms as prostate cancer. These conditions include:
Fewer than 1 in 1,000 prostate cancers are primary prostatic lymphoma.
Lung problems
The spread of cancer to distant tissues is called metastasizing. About 46% of prostate cancers that spread to distant tissues metastasize to the lungs. Lung metastasis may mimic many other
Liver and related problems
About a quarter of prostate cancers that spread to distant tissues spread to the liver. Many conditions that cause liver problems or problems with nearby organs may mimic liver metastasis. They include:
Conditions that mimic bone metastasis
Advanced prostate cancer often metastasizes to bones. When this happens, it can cause symptoms like:
- bone pain
- easy fracture
- weakness
- high blood calcium
Many conditions can cause similar conditions, such as:
- Osteoporosis: Osteoporosis is low bone mineral density that can increase your risk of fracture.
- Osteomyelitis: Osteomyelitis is a bone infection that can cause pain, swelling, and fever.
- Rheumatoid arthritis: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune condition that can cause swelling and pain in your joints.
- Other forms of arthritis: According to the Arthritis Foundation, there are more than 100 types of arthritis. Many of these types of arthritis may cause joint pain that can mimic bone metastasis.
Gastrointestinal symptoms
In very rare cases, prostate cancer can spread to your gastrointestinal (GI) tract. If this happens, it may mimic other GI conditions, such as:
- inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis)
- gastritis
- dysphagia, trouble swallowing
- diverticulitis
- appendicitis
- food poisoning
Brain metastasis
Cancer that spreads to your brain can cause changes to the ways you think or cause problems with your senses or movement, depending on where it develops.
Potential conditions that cause similar conditions include:
- encephalitis, a general term referring to brain inflammation
- brain cancer
- multiple sclerosis or other neurodegenerative conditions
- epilepsy
Conditions that cause fatigue
Fatigue can be a sign of advanced prostate cancer. Conditions that cause fatigue can potentially mimic advanced prostate cancer.
These conditions may include:
- HIV
- mononucleosis
- many other infections
- low thyroid levels
- anemia
It’s important to seek medical attention if you have symptoms of prostate cancer, such as trouble urinating or seeing blood in your urine.
You should see your doctor right away if you’ve previously been diagnosed with prostate cancer and you develop new symptoms like breathing problems or abdominal pain that can be a sign the cancer has spread to other locations.
Prostate cancer is often found as a result of screening PSA levels with a blood test. If you visit a doctor with symptoms of prostate cancer, they may order this test to measure your PSA levels.
You may also receive a digital rectal exam, where the doctor will use a gloved finger to feel for swelling in your prostate.
Other tests that can help diagnose prostate cancer and rule out other conditions include:
Prostate cancer often causes problems with urination, such as frequent or painful urination. Many other conditions can mimic these symptoms, such as urinary infections, STIs, or BPH.
Advanced prostate cancer often spreads to tissues such as your lungs or liver. Many conditions that affect these tissues may cause similar symptoms as metastatic prostate cancer.